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Since the collapse of the hydro-meteorological monitoring network after 1990, there has been some effort to re-establish this vital information network. Since 2006, the ministry of Agriculture with the technical and financial support by SWALIM started to re-establish the monitoring network which has been growing progressively to date. Further efforts were put to collect and archive all the available hydromet data into a dedicated database that is managed by SWALIM.

Currently, there are four types of hydromet monitoring stations which collect a variety of data, explained below.

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Automatic Weather Station AWS

Automatically transmits or records observations from measuring instruments. Meteorological elements are converted into electrical signals through sensors, then processed and transformed into data stored in a database.

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Manual Rainfall Station MRS

A rain gauge gathers and measures the amount of liquid precipitation over an area in a predefined period, determining rainfall depth (usually in mm). Readings are taken manually.

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Synoptic Station SS

Collects meteorological information at synoptic time 00h00, 06h00, 12h00, 18h00 (UTC) and intermediate hours. Common instruments: anemometer, wind vane, pressure sensor, thermometer, hygrometer, and rain gauge.

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Ground Water Station GWS

Monitors water depth and quality — temperature, conductivity, salinity — in boreholes and other groundwater sources, recording and transmitting data at least once a day for sustainable resource management.

IMC-PUNTLAND, established with FAO-SWALIM, collects, analyzes, and disseminates water and land data to support decision-making by government ministries and development agencies.

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